China's shipbuilding Dream Kingdom

China's shipbuilding Kingdom Dream - Interview with China Shipbuilding Industry Economic Research Center director Cao Yousheng

Wooden boats in the history of China is at the forefront, and the Ming dynasty, Zheng He's fleet is the world's highest level of offshore fleet, fully demonstrate the level of China's shipbuilding were advanced. But with the rise of the industrial revolution, Western shipbuilding technology to overtake the East, China gradually fell behind in the world shipbuilding industry.



Recently, according to Agence France-Presse quoted the British Clarkson Research's latest statistics released by the global shipbuilding industry, Korean shipyards received orders for ships last year totaled 14.5 million tons correction, accounting for 38% of the total number of global ship orders as much stability ride the world's largest shipbuilding country first. China's shipbuilding industry received orders for ships up to the 2005 amendment to 7 million tons, in order to calculate a single country has overtaken Japan, entry into the world's second largest shipbuilding country. In this regard, Sinorama China Shipbuilding Centre for Economic Research Mr. Cao Yousheng.

"South Wind" (hereinafter referred to as "South"): China's shipbuilding industry made the world's No. 1 shipbuilding power in the voice is when? Situation of the world's shipbuilding industry is like?

Cao Yousheng (hereinafter referred to as TSO): China proposed a "global shipbuilding power" has two stages, in April 2002, when then-premier Zhu Rongji out of China to become the world's No. 1 shipbuilding power; in 2004, Hu Jintao, general secretary made: not only to become the world's largest shipbuilding country, but also to become the world's shipbuilding power.

50 years ago in the 20th century, the world shipbuilding center in Europe, and later with the rise of the Japanese shipbuilding industry and 70 years South Korea's shipbuilding industry began to rise in East Asia as the world shipbuilding center. 50 years, East Asia as a shipbuilding center in the world has been constantly strengthened.

"South": the rise of the Chinese shipbuilding industry and what impact will the industry structure?

Cao: Currently the world's shipbuilding market, East Asia accounted for more than 80% share. The eastward shift of the world shipbuilding center accompanied Kingdom ship replacement: early 19th century, the United States shipbuilding Kingdom; the mid-19th century Britain's turn to dominate in the first shipbuilding powerhouse sat for nearly 100 years; into the 20th century, In 1956, Japan's shipbuilding output reached 1.876 million tons, the ship then became the Kingdom; in 1973 to put into operation Hyundai shipyard in Ulsan, marked the rise of South Korean ship quickly, after nearly 30 years of efforts, finally entering the the 21st century, surpassed Japan to become the world's No. 1 shipbuilding power. Competition in the world shipbuilding industry in general pattern shown on Han Shuangxiong hegemony, China's rapid growth, Europe is gradually declining trend.

Expected to 2015-2020, the Chinese shipbuilding industry share of the international market may be close to or surpass Japan and Korea. The rise of China's shipbuilding industry has two implications, one of the world to further strengthen the shipbuilding center of East Asia, the second is the world's shipbuilding and in east Asia in terms of competitive landscape, will be Japan, Korea and hegemony gradually evolved into Chinese, Japanese, Korean tripod situation.

"South": but only a shipbuilding in China is big country, not shipbuilding power.

Cao: Yes. First of all, according to market share, from 1994 to 2000, although China has been listed by country ranked third in the world, but its share has been hovering between 4% and 7%, while Japan and South Korea's international market share are more than 30 %, from these figures, even though China was ranked third, but not belonging to the first. Until 2001, China's market share hovering just break through this situation. Objectively speaking, the 21st century, China can only call an important shipbuilding countries, with major powers can not be called.

Level of technology, industrial scale and economic efficiency, is to determine the shipbuilding industry's overall competitiveness of the three elements. First, the level of development and design technology and capability, whether developed various types of advanced ship design, shipbuilding determine product competitiveness. Second, the manufacturing level, and shipbuilding efficiency, it decided Shipi to meet the requirements of international competition, rapid, high quality build projects all kinds of ships. Scale of the industry reflects the economies of scale requirements, and determine the market share; the cost reflects the cost control requirements, and industry profitability and quality of economic growth. Three ways to achieve the appropriate level, it indicates the comprehensive competitive.

"South": we know, the shipbuilding industry in China reworked the only contest with the world advanced level in the industry, you think why?

Cao: first, because the industrialization of China's shipbuilding industry developed from the beginning, we follow the shipping industry to compete globally integrated market-oriented industry, we must take the aim of opening up international market development strategy.

In 1978, Comrade Deng Xiaoping made China's shipbuilding industry to enter the international market, determine the export-oriented development strategy.

Shipbuilding industry start using international standards, norms and quality requirements to build the ship in international competition; second is to adopt the technology introduction - digestion, absorption - another new technology development path and quickly transformed into a certain level of skill and strength; third play better advantage of our low-cost.

"South": "Japan model" and the "Korea model" has become a model for the world shipbuilding industry, but some recent media that "China model", I do not know your understanding, the three models of the specific connotation? How China's shipbuilding industry out of "low cost + low-efficiency" model?

Cao: I am not in favor of "model" that. I think that Japan, South Korea's rise and development of shipbuilding industry, follow a common rule is that the international industrial division of labor and transfer laws. As a globally integrated market-oriented industries under the resource endowment is an important factor in determining international competitiveness. In addition, the evolution of the international shipbuilding competition pattern also follows the industry life cycle theory, at different stages of industrial development, but also determines the different pace of development and potential.

Of course, every country in the development of the shipbuilding industry has its own characteristics. Japan's fundamental advantage lies in technological advantage: the world's leading shipbuilding efficiency and development capabilities; South Korea's overall technological level close to Japan, but its high concentration of shipbuilding, or "economies of scale" is far better than in Japan. Korea Heavy Industries Group, a modern shipbuilding output on the output over the whole of China.

Relative to Japan, Korea, China shipbuilding industry development has the advantage, "overall competitive advantage", that is, ship design and development of a strong shipbuilding capacity and high efficiency, plus more obvious cost advantage, while striving to improve economies of scale. And because the level of design and efficiency still have a lot of space, determine the international competitiveness of China there is great potential for upgrading.

Over the past 5 years, China's breakthrough in the "low efficiency + cost" situation has been made clear progress. China State Shipbuilding Corporation China Shipbuilding Group, a unit of Hudong now undertake to five LNG ship orders, each costing up to nearly 200 million U.S. dollars cost. China successfully entered the shipbuilding industry in this cutting-edge field of LNG shipping and marketing, reflecting China's recent 5-year rate of technological development of ships, also marks the adjustment of product structure of China shipbuilding industry stepping into a new stage.

The development of China's shipbuilding industry ideal "model" is a large modern shipbuilding facilities should be based on science and technology innovation as the main driving force, constantly comparative advantage into competitive edge approach to development.

"South": China's largest shipyard shipbuilding Waigaoqiao Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. has started, some people believe that China just around the corner towards shipbuilding power, was also suggested that China's shipbuilding industry has just entered the growth stage, her long way to go. Your view?

Cao: Waigaoqiao Shipbuilding Co., shipbuilding output in 2005 more than 200 million dwt, and has become the largest modern shipyard, which is an indirect manifestation of China's shipbuilding industry is growing rapidly. Bohai Bay, Yangtze Delta, Pearl River shipbuilding bases for the three countries as a national strategy, will lay the groundwork for further development of China's shipbuilding industrial base, also determine the future of China's shipbuilding industry layout.

However, it should clearly see that on the one hand, China's shipbuilding industry with Japan and South Korea compared to both in the design and development capabilities on both Hai You Hai Shi shipbuilding Xiaoshuai obvious difference, on the other hand, China Marine Equipment industry is far behind Japan, Korea and even Europe.

Therefore, China should become a ship big and strong, there is still a long way to go. Market share only from the point of view, in the 2015 to 2020, China may be close to Japan, South Korea. Korea from the world's second largest shipbuilding country become the world's No. 1 shipbuilding power, spent 20 years in China from 1994 to the development of the world's third second or first world, estimated to take at least 20 years of the same.











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Pave the way for the three 3G operators in the New Year "get together" institutional adjustment

3G has just spent the first year of the Chinese telecom operators, in the new year began suddenly to accelerate the pace of restructuring.

January 11, China Unicom announced that the group will be adjusted more than ten departments. China Mobile and China Telecom to adjust the structure are almost simultaneous implementation.

Unicom's 32 departments reduced about half

January 11, the reporter learned from authoritative sources, the new China Unicom merger institutions are adjusting. First of all, the front in the market, will integrate marketing, customer individual customers and the Department of Family Ministry, the establishment of marketing and sales; Secondly, support in the background, the combined fixed-line construction sector, fixed line and mobile network operation and maintenance sector companies, set up the China Unicom's network division. Meanwhile, the consolidation of management information systems, and business support systems department, the establishment of the Ministry of Information. In the functions, the consolidation of risk management and the Department of Legal Affairs, Ministry of the establishment of legal and risk management; to integrated into the Department of Administrative Service Center, will share the center into the Finance Ministry of Finance.

Particular concern is the integration of new R & D the first time China Unicom, China Unicom will establish a new Institute; In addition, the letter will also be integrating new countries, China Book Company No. navigation class of business, to form a new professional management company.

As of the end of 2009, the new China Unicom total of 28 departments, count mobile network company consists of four departments, total of 32 departments. China Unicom to adjust the framework to retain after the about 10 departments.

Meanwhile, two other carriers are also self-study internal strength. From the China Telecom 2010 conference on understanding, China Telecom has also started to adjust the company front organization.

Recently, also came news of China Mobile, China Mobile has formally announced later set up a "terminal department."

Purpose is to pave the way for the 3G

According to China Unicom Group, the relevant figure, China Unicom, the realignment aims to streamline the administrative system, fully integrated resources, improve operational efficiency. Indeed, since 2009, according to telecom restructuring plan of China Unicom and China Netcom merger, the new China Unicom total number of employees was as high as 52 million people, organizational structure and personnel redundancy chaos phenomenon restricted the development of the new China Unicom 3G.

The same time, informed sources said the new structure adjustment is to "promote the mobile business sector and the integration of fixed-line business, 3G networks and GSM networks sector sectoral integration."

Close to China Unicom executives told reporters that 11 people executive team Unicom highest policy remain unchanged. Determine the new adjustment program in the group, the provincial branches will also be gradually adjusted to be docking with the group structure. In addition, some provinces and cities, general manager of the company will change.

However, telecommunications in China, for the adjustment does not want to reveal it. According to a person familiar with the matter introduced in 2010, China Telecom will increase the government-enterprise customers and public customers in rural areas, market expansion efforts overseas and the North, 3G products have been identified as key to promote the project.

"China Telecom will set up a department of public clients, overseas business development department, customer service and product centers and other departments." Disclosed above, as at present, China Telecom, Ministry of individual customers and residential customers have been merged into the Department of the Ministry of public customers.

China Mobile newly established "Department of the terminal," originally isolated terminal marketing and terminal management functions of the center of unity. This is also the industry as China Mobile terminal market to pave the way for the TD signal.







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51.com Tencent moved the cake

November 7, Tencent 涓?焊璇夌姸灏?15 suspected group switched to court staff, because these employees violated non-compete obligations. After the media attention was directed at 51.com, that employee turnover is the protagonist behind the incident, then 51, said through legal means to help their employees to protect their rights between "Running" start the upgrade.

25, began large-scale forced uninstall Rainbow Tencent QQ software plug-in (QQ QQ plug was anchored above the software has accessibility. Rainbow QQ plug showing the IP, were hidden functions). 51.com position immediately recognize the rainbow is really external to the company, will launch a new version of Rainbow QQ to deal with the problem uninstall. It also became apparent contradiction Tencent fuse with 51.com.

Tencent, 51, users of the war of words

Network, Tencent war of words with the 51.com indeed conducted in full swing, Tencent given attitude is: 51.com rainbow version of QQ illegal, large-scale forced to uninstall and do not exclude the Rainbow Edition 51.com. Litigation, while 51 . com is tit for tat, said: Tencent no right to arbitrarily identify the Rainbow software illegal, push against the new version of the software Tencent rainbow.

Open the major portal website, by users message we see that Internet users are divided into "very Q" and "" quite 51 "factions, the former that" car thieves "overly assertive and took other people's stuff is still so confidently.

Support the school's Internet users were 51 sharply pointed out: "Tencent shameless well known. He is the copy operation three Islands of Adventure QQ, QQ Tang copy Bubble Hall, QQ Speed Kart and Mario Kart copy 璺戣窇, QQ-hyun dance Audition copy, through the FireWire copy CS, QQ games copy Lianzhong, QQ copied Gallant war platform, QQ, and live music no legitimate authority in most of the content, QQ ICQ copy itself started, and now turn on the copyright, really ridiculous. "

For this argument, generous advice, general manager Cheng Tianyu in the "China Press and Publications newspaper" reporters, said, history is like this, surely someone would launch its own new things, but that does not mean that others can not learn, imitate learning and copying are two entirely the concept is not copying that needs to Falv defined, if there is evidence that correction of its Queshi Zai Chao Xi companies can legal means to carry out defenders, you have to do to do is Yao declare copyright, other things are determined by law.

51.com's ism

Tencent QQ for the current version of the rainbow can be described as tough attitude to this incident, some industry insiders believe this would amount to affect the Tencent's "beneficial" and "future."

From the "beneficial", said angle, QQ original charges "QQ Show my location" and "QQ clairvoyant" function, QQ were achieved in the rainbow free, directly affected Tencent charges, obviously this is not acceptable Tencent of.

Since it is free, that is why so 51.com still braving the risk of legal action, claiming the new version to be developed to deal with before the rainbow version of Tencent QQ shielding move it?

Cheng Tianyu that 51 of the plug-in mainly low-end customers want to draw the crowd, they found in their pages the user to be removed from the exchange are using QQ after the exchange of 51.com, we chat a lot in the 51.com is to ask the other party The QQ, QQ, after all went to the exchange, and short, 51.com is to have a tool that enables customers to stay in his place.

Similarly, 51.com was not blindly in pursuit of the QQ itself, while the introduction of staff Tencent, QQ almost every launch of a new feature, 51 will be quickly grafted into their own platform, 51 shows, 51 shop, 51 group group, or even ask 51. 51 Drawing on the QQ product line almost all the applications, and all this without the pre-defined by law we can only call "learning."

From the "future" aspect that the "learning" process is clearly the meaning of snatching market, although the current real-time communications Tencent is the absolute boss, but the time bomb on the pillow, Tencent obviously this is not willing to accept.

Elusive business dispute

It is reported that since the beginning Tencent force uninstall the software after the rainbow, rainbow software users to download increased by day 3 times per day 2 million downloads. Meanwhile, the introduction of user signature rainbow web support page, less than a million users a day to get a message to support.

This result may be unexpected to many experts, scholars, and even suggested that this is in the country has been tepid in the 51.com to attract the public eye as a trick. Of course, without the company's response, all the speculation is always smoke and mirrors.

An inscription is the Rainbow team, said the open letter, the purpose of the rainbow has been: serving to provide users with a better free service. 51.com so-called positive attitude for the time, who can guarantee it is not the water Moon?

Enterprise, after all, is not a charitable foundation, they have a craving for the interests of employees and the pursuit of maximum heart events in a public area is so reasonable, but it is unfortunate that events capable illegal, and vice versa.

In China, instant messaging software, not just text, voice and video chat tool is the entrance of the Internet, users can directly from the news client access, online gaming entertainment and e-commerce web application. The current number of Chinese Internet users reached 253 million people, and most users will have start the habit of hanging instant messaging software, IM market turns out to be an IT company coveted by all the big cake.

51.com Tencent and this "cake" War should be how long? Is copying or learning? Is the so-called Qingzheziqing, in need of legal recognized the same time, Shi Chong takes time.









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UML, RUP and Zachman framework: the perfect combination of [3]

Application 2: Using UML and RUP together to Zachman

In most organizations, the when the system in some form may exist for a long time, such as UML has been around at least ten years of time, Queshaobiaozhun of Fu Hao is understandable. Even in relatively modern system environment, UML design documents also may be due to time constraints and lack the necessary skills set and other reasons, have not been used.

In addition to the analysis and design requires good modeling languages, the two factors could lead to any organization - a RUP project to modernize the structure or business results - on the UML needs. Any reason is good, because it allows organizations to enable UML. However, RUP project result may be greater than from the perspective of the future reuse of work by the result of modern architecture is more important, because RUP projects tend to produce more detailed and more easily track the work piece. Another advantage of RUP approach is that usually, only the real value of the workpiece. From another perspective, the outcome of modern architecture may have a lot of little practical value, and the UML diagram with uncertainty. In fact, this situation may affect the organization's recognition of the UML and its future in the organization.

RUP-driven system through the delivery of the project will be applied to UML organization, its use can be extended to companies based in Zachman framework, there is no need to reduce its risk (see Figure 5).



Figure 5: UML RUP and Zachman framework to connect

This application has been tried in the past many times, but most recently in the Enterprise Unified Process (EUP) environment to achieve. 10

Application 3: From the outset, using UML

In my experience, both for the organization of the introduction of RUP or Zachman, if UML has been used in the organization, a greater chance of success. Figure 6 attempts to describe the dependencies between the three techniques to explain this.



Figure 6: UML, RUP and Zachman framework dependencies between

As I stated above, Zachman, and RUP are dependent on UML. RUP UML-driven exclusively by, and unknown symbol symbol Zachman dependent on its implementation. UML can be proved to be the best use of symbols Zachman, because it does not rely on other methods, it can be used as the starting point of RUP and Zachman. Moreover, even if later decided not to use RUP or your Zachman, UML is still a very useful and easy-to-understand visual language of, can be used for comprehensive analysis, Jiejue program analysis and design Yijitigao team 浜ゆ祦.

Application 4: and learn with Zachman RUP (or vice versa) may be more easily

RUP needs to learn to understand its structure and procedures of how the service management project team. Therefore, the best way to learn RUP through relevant project experience or guidance to the environment. To get this experience, it is necessary throughout the life cycle activities RUP to play a certain role.

As in the RUP can be practiced in many Zachman could parallel to, and indeed such a method to help increase the value Zachman. For example, the use of RUP business process modeling, use case and sequence diagrams to represent the Zachman "function" Similarly, the use of use cases and UI design to deal with "human-computer interaction", using class and object diagram to deal with "data." Zachman structure of some of the lines and RUP's demand-driven, incremental, and to the principles of the framework is connected to the center, while the column is equivalent to a number of UML models and best practices of goal setting. For example, the "how" of this column with emphasis on process, and can be compared with the UML activity diagram.

Can be shown to understand the Zachman RUP and UML more than about simply because Zachman dealing with a static view of enterprise system architecture, rather than dynamic models and processes. Nevertheless, the study Zachman's approach may benefit from some of RUP major key principles - for example, "demand driven", the "architecture-centric," "Model-driven" and "iteration" - applications. My view is that when these principles to the learning process and its practical application, Zachman framework easier to master.

Application 5: RUP tailoring process, Zachman as a secondary

Cut in the RUP process, the focus is in developing the organization structure. Role and functions of time for each such event an important aspect to consider, to ask the Wenti include: "Who is this Guo Cheng Zuo framework in modeling?" "Occurs when the process of modeling?" "What technique should be for the use of modeling? "and" how to divide responsibilities based on level of detail?. " Zachman has a fixed structure, may be precisely the answer to questions like the appropriate source of information. 10

Although the RUP in the work process with the guidance, but it may be true where the item does not apply or only partially applied. To help the process engineer the change in approach, IBM Rational RUP has already made some specific extensions, such as "RUP for COTS" (commercial availability software), and "RUP for Systems Engineering". In order to select a suitable cut during the RUP variables as a baseline, the process architect must understand the organization's enterprise architecture and future state of existing. If the organization has for enterprise architecture analysis / plan to use the Zachman, then the resulting framework can provide useful clues to choose the right RUP variable. For example, the Zachman structure corresponding business model (second row) in the collection of artifacts may mean focusing on the business model (see Figure 7) and prompt follow closely "RUP for Business Modeling" variable, and in the network a higher column density implies that the workpiece "RUP for SOA" (service-oriented architecture) may role.



Figure 7: According to the design of the parts distribution Zachman

In fact, for some reason does not describe the organizational system of the workpiece or no clear mapping with Zachman is possible. In such circumstances, RUP variable selection can be around the expected distribution of aid project plan to be considered artifacts.







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Congratulations to the formal establishment of the Pan-micro Jinan Branch

Following the establishment of Ningbo branch, the Pan-micro software has to set up recently in Jinan, Shandong branch of its aims to provide local enterprises with a variety of sectors of information technology solutions and high quality localization services, to further promote the pan-micro software enterprises in Shandong and the surrounding area with in-depth cooperation.

Since 2004, the Pan-micro software major cities across the country began to set up regional branches and Marketing Services, currently in Beijing, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Dalian, Nanjing, Wuxi, Hangzhou, Wuxi, Chengdu, Kunming and other 15 City set up a branch office, and gradually formed the north, east, south, southwest, northwest, northeast and marketing network for regional markets more complete and timely service and support. Shandong branch of the establishment was in line with the market growing in Shandong established customer demand, the responsibilities of Shandong and the surrounding area sales and service support.

Currently Weaver Shandong Branch has been officially operating, please contact customer Shandong branch in Jinan Pan-micro-
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E-mail: salejn@weaver.com.cn







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3DS MAX Graphic Example Of Particle Flow - Character Rain

photoshop to create my own Ferrari

Illustrated in the car saw a Ferrari and is very beautiful, they painted a little, by the way recorded about the process of painting as a mouse for this is a very simple tutorial! Hope you like! At the same time I want to tell you that Do not just draw the mouse to mouse painted, I did this tutorial is to make the most of mouse drawn by the familiar tools used and their usage, there is the hope to help you exercise patience with the mouse to grasp and control, read tutorials, painting a beautiful picture out of a little significance, can really understand how painting is going on with the process of software and tools, and effects of which can be flexible on how the application of mastery is the most important ! I found many of my friends is simply to read the tutorial before the final effect of these tutorials, but ignored the most important part of its "process"! ! ! Hope that we do not commit this fault! Well! Now do it!

This is the last complete map of the results:



1. New 700X500, 72DPI, a white background paper, the background layer to create a new layer, use Pen tool to draw the outline of the car, the wheels can not draw first. (Figure 1)



Figure 1

2. The path into a constituency, and filled with red, then a new layer 2, first draw the outline of automobile headlights, and turn into a constituency. (Figure 2)



Figure 2

3. With the brush tool, with different shades of gray will be painted light colors first and generally out of the right perspective because the lights because the light of reason with, it should be painted with a darker gray. (Figure 3)



Figure 3

4. Will light the rear of the metal parts of the tick with a pen, and turned into a constituency, the foreground color is set to beige, light metal with a brush to draw the bright part. (Figure 4), did so in practice the rest of lights one by one to complete. (Figure 5)



Figure 4



Figure 5




[Next]





5. Create a new layer above Layer 2, the next part of painting light bulbs, take note of as much as possible when painting a light high-performance optical coatings gloss! At the same time also pay attention to timely adjust the size of strokes. In the painting the same time, if there is a place that is too stiff, you can use fuzzy tool, adjust the appropriate pressure, place the edge of the smear, can make it soft. (Figure 6) (Figure 7)



Figure 6



Figure 7

6. On the top floor above the new one, the lights of the glass panels around the caulking lines drawn in this layer of the car body can also split all part of the embedded plate painting line all good. (Black line drawing explain the method: You can use the pen tool will first of all in the form of black line drawn with a single, and then the foreground color set to black, then use the path panel below the path with the foreground strokes) (Figure 8 )



Figure 8

7., Fuzzy tools to deal with black lines for vague, it looks soft, and with the pressure adjusted to 20-30 rubber tool around the surface of the car, the black line seams rubbing the edge of the light by the light part of the point! Of course, then rub alone is not enough! You can also hold down the CTRL click on the black line layer, with dark gray color for about the local modified to make it look more realistic. (Figure 9)



Figure 9

8. On the top layer of the following construction of a new, good! We now come to draw the side windows car windshield with a black rubber bead around the front windshield with wiper, pen available when drawing the outline of the first tick of rubber, and then switch constituencies, with a brush, color with black and gray colors, paint, such as ( Figure 10) look like.



Figure 10

9. Then draw in just a black rubber bead to create a new layer below the layer, the objects all the objects inside the car painted! To facilitate the painting when painting, you can also build a few more layers to painting, the master himself, not much relationship! Also because the only thing the car, do not do too clear, because when there is a windshield that above it! Glass with high light, so interior layout is not very clear to see! (Figure 11) Figure 12)



Figure 11




[Next]




Figure 12

10. At the top to create a new layer to the surface of all the lead body outlet, turn signals only class of small objects out of all the paintings, painting is also a pen hook, switch constituencies, color selection with a brush painting, and can be used to do soft fuzzy tools processing. (Figure 13) (Figure 14)



Figure 13



Figure 14

11. Down in the body within the object and then create a new layer above the layer, used to draw windshield with the side windows of the high light, painting the brush strokes when the transfer is about as large as 70-80, the hardness to 0, with the first part of the high light pen tick, to constituencies in with a good brush set, quick pull-off area in the election, attention to good mouse control, as well jitter, and pay attention to the depth level. (Figure 15)



Figure 15

12. Next is a very important part of whether the car from here reflects the texture, well, talk about how to do it, first painted the lead in the previous drafts, turn lights and other small objects in the layer with black caulking lines to create a new layer below layer, first vehicle with the pen tool out of the dark part of the hook, into constituencies, with the red than the body with deep, dark, dark part of the brush tool to smear out first! Tu large brush strokes when available, and pay attention to changes in different parts of light and shade, as far as possible Hold the mouse, the shadow smeared smooth. (Figure 16)



Figure 16

13. Well, shadows partially completed, and now need to do is highlight it! After this step as such, the texture is quite clear that car is beautiful! Practice with shadow painting almost! Similarly, first create a new layer, but this level was built in the shadows of the layer above, the number of layers can decide for themselves, can not be a layer of a high light! There is the need to gradually reduce the risk of high light, the effect of dilution can be used when the brush strokes, then reduce the pressure, with large strokes, fast drag to produce dilute the effect of the edge, or use the rubber tool in the white high-gloss polished rim dilute the effect of transparency can also be achieved, there is a, that is what I use, is the first with a brush in high places to draw a white light or light red color blocks out, and then coated with a smear of soft natural tool can be! If completed (Figure 17)



Figure 17




[Next]



14. Create a new layer on top, tick bar front vents, with the Ferrari logo. (Figure 18)



Figure 18

15. Oh! Halo! I forgot one thing, there is a mirror not installed, now what to do! Practice with similar body painting! The first tick of its outline with a pen with red fill with the same body, and then brush, transferred to the appropriate size of the strokes, the shadow of the same body with the same dark red to the dark mirror coating out! Then white or pink to draw out some of the high light, drawing the body after the car mirror projection part of the painting out painting with the top almost all the same! Only slightly darker color to use! Incidentally, the left side of the car window on the piece of red to hook up deleted. I think the windshield glass also can increase the transparency point, because the glass looks too bright! (Figure 19)



Figure 19

16. Well, specific adjustments to complete again, and now we come to the car's chassis, plastic wrapping around the black painted, first create a new layer below the layer 1, with a pen to outline the edge hook up bag filled with is black. Then brush with a texture of light gray to high places drawn. (Figure 20)



Figure 20

17. Now fast drawing to a close, and down to do some of the tires, you know, Ferrari is a very fine tire very luxurious, not sloppy Oh! In the previous layer to create a new layer, first with the pen tool to car tires behind the shadow of some of the following shell hook up, turn into constituencies, with a black fill, and where the external crimping to be smooth with a gray painted black, and available fuzzy tools in place to do some soften the edge of the treatment. (Figure 21)



Figure 21

18. Well, the official drawing down the wheel, first just create a new layer above the layer, similar to the outline of the wheel hook up, with a little black light spots filled, and the same tool with a fuzzy edge for gentle handling of the tire . (Figure 22)



Figure 22

19. In just re-create a new layer above the layer of ink tick tires were part of the high-light, into constituencies, with the brush tool to wipe out its reflective surface, coated with white ash when the note changes, or after the coated well Fuzzy tool can do a soft handle. (Figure 23) (Figure 24)



Figure 23




[Next]




Figure 24

20. Tires done! But we can also add in the above symbolic decoration of several letters to look, down is a steel ring. In the previous layer to create a new layer. Pen tool steel ring with the outline of first hook up, (Figure 25)



Figure 25

The path turned into constituencies, with a lighter gray fill (Figure 26)



Figure 26

Wheel down, he has to make sense out of the three-dimensional surface, methods are similar, with a pen hook, wipe with a painting, light and dark is very important to note the distinction between levels of change, attention to high-light and shadows change. If completed (Figure 27)



Figure 27

21. Shadows partially completed, and now to do the high-light steel ring, and in just another layer to create a new layer, the foreground color set to white, the other part of practice with drawing shadows, like, I'm not a complete such as (Figure 28) (Fig. 29) (Figure 30)



Figure 28



Figure 29




[Next]



Figure 30

22. Down is some good detail, wheel and tire tread mark the center of production, you can just create a new layer above the layer, not with a pen, and direct use of the brush tool, stroke size is set to a DPI, to be a Ferrari roughly mark the lines with the tires. (Figure 31)



Figure 31

23. Well, the body has all the well, down some modified to work, first of all he give car to be a projection, in the background to create a new layer above the layer, the foreground color set to black, raised to 50% opacity with larger strokes of the brush to draw broad shaded. (Figure 32)

24. On the projection part to do Motion Blur effects, angle of -28 掳, a distance of 25 DPI. (Figure 33)



Figure 33

25. At this point, the chart on the finished! Of course you can also according to their preferences, add some background to the plan like! The free play on! I do not say! I finally completed the effect diagram (Figure 34)



Figure 34






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To super king worthy of the name

Why not read the disk drive?

The author of this two-day drive failure, when the CD into the CD-ROM drive tray is always coming and going after the busy, I went after it by force, not out running, despite the drive light is still blinking but can not properly read the disk. I guess cause trouble for two reasons: first, because they drive the aging, decreased ability to read the disk; or is something wrong with system software, because these days computer viruses and other malicious code has not had time to clear, I think that has to cross the a few days time for handling it, did not expect was a chance to solve this difficult problem.

Two days ago, my PC is not on the LAN together, the instructions of the green card is not on, I would open the case to remove the card to check the results to open the case and found the back of the drive 4-pin power plug is seated loosely scattered scattered behind in the drive. So, I unplug the 4 pin power connector plug tight handle the situation when the network card, boot into the system, then put in discs, just listen to "brush" and read the disk voice, data disc is smoothly identified, no optical drive tray is always coming and going non-stop annoying scene, and drive the problem to be solved in unintentionally.

Summary: The CD-ROM into the computer because I did not tighten the screws after, so pull the whole drive, it may put the back of the 4-pin power plugs get loose, and they have not completely out, the resulting optical light show have electricity, but the drive can not supply shortage caused by normal use, gives rise to the wrong judge. I am so used as "DIY" who must be careful to avoid such problems, so as not to affect normal use.







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"Tencent Night Awards" announced this year's Great Wall Advertising Festival award the fifteenth